Data as of Aug 2, 2026, 8:42 PM

SERIAL · 233Europe

Estonia

CapitalTallinn

CurrencyEUR · euro

LanguageEstonian

Since1918

ISOEST · EE

Population

1.4Mas of 2025

— THE COUNTRY —

Country in Northern Europe

Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Russia. The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland, the larger islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa, and over 2,300 other islands and islets on the east coast of the Baltic Sea. Its capital city of Tallinn, along with the city of Tartu, are the country's two largest urban areas. The Estonian language, of the Finnic family, is the official language and the first language of the majority of nearly 1.4 million people. Estonia is one of the least populous member states of the European Union.

Text: Wikipedia — EstoniaCC BY-SA 4.0 · revised 2026-07-30

— FACTS —

Capital: Tallinn
Currency: euro (EUR)
Official language: Estonian
Drives on the: Right
Calling code: +372
Licence plate code: EST
Top-level domain: .ee
Independence / founding: 24 Feb 1918
Highest point: Suur Munamägi (317 m)
Lowest point: Baltic Sea (0 m)
Anthem: Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm

Facts: Wikidata (CC0) · as of 2026-08-02

— LAND —

5 of 5 figures unavailable for Estonia.

— PEOPLE —

Population

1.4Mpeople

#157 of 2162025

4% of world average

Population growth

-0.4%% per year

#195 of 2162025

-43% of world average

Population density

32people per km²

#168 of 2152023

7% of world average

People living in cities

70.7%% of population

#86 of 2162025

112% of world average

Urban population growth

-0.4%% per year

#203 of 2162025

-26% of world average

People living rurally

29.3%% of population

#131 of 2162025

80% of world average

Population aged 0-14

15.3%% of population

#175 of 2162025

61% of world average

Population aged 15-64

62.9%% of population

#137 of 2162025

98% of world average

Population aged 65+

21.8%% of population

#21 of 2162025

202% of world average

▸ ISSUE 7 MORE

Age dependency ratio

58.9%% of working-age population

#80 of 2162025

103% of world average

Female population

52.4%% of population

#19 of 2162025

105% of world average

Births per woman

1births per woman

#199 of 2162024

50% of world average

Birth rate

7.1 /1,000per 1,000 people

#200 of 2162024

41% of world average

Death rate

11.5 /1,000per 1,000 people

#22 of 2162024

149% of world average

Net migration

-13,350people (5-year total)

#160 of 2162025

-12124% of world average

Migrants living in the country

14.9%% of population

#57 of 2152024

112% of world average

— MONEY —

GDP

$47.03Bcurrent US$

#103 of 2112025

8% of world average

GDP, purchasing power parity

$71.20Bcurrent int'l $

#118 of 1992025

7% of world average

GDP per person

$34,418current US$

#50 of 2112025

143% of world average

GDP per person, purchasing power parity

$52,106current int'l $

#49 of 1992025

156% of world average

GDP growth

0.6%% per year

#185 of 2102025

17% of world average

GDP per person growth

1.0%% per year

#144 of 2102025

43% of world average

Gross national income

$46.37Bcurrent US$

#102 of 2042025

8% of world average

Gross national income per person

$32,310current US$

#46 of 2032025

160% of world average

Gross national income per person, PPP

$51,370current int'l $

#47 of 1972025

161% of world average

▸ ISSUE 13 MORE

Inflation

4.8%% per year

#143 of 1902025

56% of world average

Inflation (GDP deflator)

3.8%% per year

#124 of 2092025

54% of world average

Government revenue

38.3%% of GDP

#20 of 1492024

146% of world average

Government spending

37.7%% of GDP

#25 of 1492023

137% of world average

Government consumption

21.5%% of GDP

#41 of 1812025

122% of world average

Household consumption

52.7%% of GDP

#134 of 1812025

82% of world average

Investment (gross capital formation)

24.8%% of GDP

#70 of 1782025

107% of world average

Fixed investment

24.2%% of GDP

#63 of 1732025

109% of world average

Gross savings

24.8%% of GDP

#65 of 1682025

113% of world average

Foreign investment inflows

-$838.2Mcurrent US$

#190 of 2012025

-10% of world average

Foreign investment inflows

-1.8%% of GDP

#188 of 1982025

no comparison

Foreign investment outflows

-0.1%% of GDP

#154 of 1792025

-2% of world average

Current account balance

-0.1%% of GDP

#77 of 1912025

no comparison

17 of 39 figures unavailable for Estonia.

— TRADE —

Terms of trade

99index

#117 of 2062024

94% of world average

11 of 12 figures unavailable for Estonia.

— HEALTH —

Life expectancy

79.3 yrsyears

#55 of 2162024

107% of world average

Life expectancy, women

83.7 yrsyears

#40 of 2162024

109% of world average

Life expectancy, men

75.1 yrsyears

#72 of 2162024

105% of world average

Infant deaths

1.5 /1,000per 1,000 live births

#2 of 1962024

8% of world average

Deaths under age 5

2.0 /1,000per 1,000 live births

#2 of 1962024

8% of world average

Maternal deaths

5per 100,000 live births

#23 of 1942023

4% of world average

Health spending

7.8%% of GDP

#65 of 1932024

115% of world average

Health spending per person

$2,438current US$

#34 of 1932024

167% of world average

Physicians

3.5 /1,000per 1,000 people

#47 of 1872022

165% of world average

▸ ISSUE 10 MORE

Nurses and midwives

6.7 /1,000per 1,000 people

#47 of 1962023

141% of world average

Hospital beds

4.1 /1,000per 1,000 people

#34 of 1572023

140% of world average

Access to clean drinking water

100.0%% of population

#39 of 2142024

110% of world average

Access to basic sanitation

99.0%% of population

#54 of 2132024

123% of world average

Suicide rate

15per 100,000 people

#158 of 1852021

175% of world average

Adults who smoke

26.1%% of adults

#124 of 1662024

132% of world average

HIV prevalence

0.7%% aged 15-49

#102 of 1532024

51% of world average

Tuberculosis cases

8per 100,000 people

#51 of 2082024

8% of world average

Undernourishment

2.5%% of population

#19 of 1682023

25% of world average

Children vaccinated against measles

83.0%% of children 12-23 months

#135 of 1932024

97% of world average

— LEARNING —

Education spending

5.2%% of GDP

#55 of 1902022

120% of world average

Education spending

13.0%% of government spending

#91 of 1892022

96% of world average

Adult literacy

99.9%% aged 15+

not enough data to rank2011

119% of world average

Youth literacy

99.9%% aged 15-24

not enough data to rank2011

110% of world average

Primary school enrolment

97.8%% gross

#121 of 2002024

97% of world average

Secondary school enrolment

108.5%% gross

#28 of 1882024

125% of world average

University enrolment

65.7%% gross

#57 of 1672024

132% of world average

Primary school completion

99.9%% of relevant age group

#39 of 1802024

111% of world average

Pupils per teacher, primary school

11pupils per teacher

#19 of 1602017

51% of world average

▸ ISSUE 1 MORE

Years of compulsory education

9.0 yrsyears

#123 of 1972025

90% of world average

— WORK —

Unemployment

8.3%% of labour force

#134 of 1862025

120% of world average

Youth unemployment

19.7%% of labour force aged 15-24

#135 of 1862025

126% of world average

Labour force participation

65.1%% aged 15+

#58 of 1862025

108% of world average

Women in the labour force

61.0%% of women aged 15+

#46 of 1862025

120% of world average

8 of 12 figures unavailable for Estonia.

— CONNECTED —

18 of 18 figures unavailable for Estonia.

— NATURE —

12 of 12 figures unavailable for Estonia.

— STATE —

7 of 7 figures unavailable for Estonia.

— TRADE PARTNERS —

Loading trade partner map…

— TRADE —

Exports toas of 2025

Finland$3.15B
Finland$3.15B
Latvia$2.35B
Latvia$2.34B
Sweden$1.83B
Sweden$1.83B
Lithuania$1.83B
Lithuania$1.82B

▸ ISSUE 7 MORE

Germany$1.58B
Germany$1.57B
Poland$884.5M
Poland$883.9M
Netherlands$777.1M
Netherlands$777.1M
Russian Federation$684.7M

Imports fromas of 2025

China$2.81B
China$2.72B
Germany$2.52B
Germany$2.51B
Finland$1.84B
Finland$1.81B
Latvia$1.57B
Latvia$1.57B

▸ ISSUE 7 MORE

Lithuania$1.45B
Lithuania$1.45B
Poland$1.36B
Poland$1.36B
Netherlands$1.13B
Netherlands$1.12B
Sweden$1.07B

Trade balance, 2025-$4.21B

— EXTRAS —

Anthem

Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõmAudio: Wikimedia Commons

Capital time

--:--:--Tallinn · approx. UTC+2

Neighbours

Latvia

Russia

Landmarks

Struve Geodetic ArcImage: Wikimedia Commons

Tallinn Old TownImage: Wikimedia Commons

People

Edgar de WahlEstonian teacher and linguist (1867–1948)

Kaja KallasEstonian politician and former prime minister of Estonia (born 1977)

Kersti KaljulaidEstonian politician and president of Estonia (born 1969)

Alexander Van der BellenPresident of Austria since 2017 (born 1944)

Toomas Hendrik IlvesEstonian politician and diplomat, fourth president of Estonia (born 1953)

Arvo PärtEstonian composer (born 1935)

Birgit SarrapEstonian singer (born 1988)

Alar KarisEstonian molecular geneticist and President of Estonia (born 1958)

Jüri RatasEstonian politician (born 1978)

Arnold RüütelEstonian politician, former President of Estonia (1928–2024)

Andrus AnsipEstonian chemist and politician (born 1956)

Konstantin PätsEstonian politician (1874–1956)

History

24 Feb 1918Estonia — founding / independence (Wikidata)

Size, side by side

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1960 → now

2026

Population1.4M2025

GDP$47.03B2025

GDP per person$34,4182025