Data as of Aug 2, 2026, 9:39 PM

SERIAL · 450Africa

Madagascar

CapitalAntananarivo

CurrencyMGA · ariary

LanguageFrench, Malagasy

Area587,295 km²

Since1960

ISOMDG · MG

Population

—

— THE COUNTRY —

African island country in the Indian Ocean

Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country in the Indian Ocean that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's fourth-largest island, the second-largest island country, and the 46th-largest country overall. Its capital and largest city is Antananarivo.

Text: Wikipedia — MadagascarCC BY-SA 4.0 · revised 2026-07-30

— FACTS —

Capital: Antananarivo
Currency: ariary (MGA)
Official language: French, Malagasy
Drives on the: Right
Calling code: +261
Licence plate code: RM
Top-level domain: .mg
Independence / founding: 1960
Highest point: Maromokotro (2,876 m)
Lowest point: Indian Ocean (0 m)
Anthem: Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô!

Facts: Wikidata (CC0) · as of 2026-08-02

— LAND —

Land covered by forest

21.3%% of land area

#131 of 2132023

67% of world average

Forest area

123,902km²

#48 of 2132023

65% of world average

Agricultural land

70.3%% of land area

#21 of 2092023

189% of world average

Farmable (arable) land

5.2%% of land area

#133 of 2062023

37% of world average

Land area

587,295km²

#48 of 2152023

90% of world average

— PEOPLE —

16 of 16 figures unavailable for Madagascar.

— MONEY —

GDP

$19.62Bcurrent US$

#137 of 2112025

4% of world average

GDP, purchasing power parity

$63.93Bcurrent int'l $

#123 of 1992025

6% of world average

GDP per person

$599current US$

#208 of 2112025

2% of world average

GDP per person, purchasing power parity

$1,952current int'l $

#193 of 1992025

6% of world average

GDP growth

3.0%% per year

#114 of 2102025

89% of world average

GDP per person growth

0.6%% per year

#164 of 2102025

24% of world average

Gross national income

$19.17Bcurrent US$

#138 of 2042025

3% of world average

Gross national income per person

$560current US$

#201 of 2032025

3% of world average

Gross national income per person, PPP

$1,910current int'l $

#190 of 1972025

6% of world average

▸ ISSUE 28 MORE

Inflation

8.1%% per year

#158 of 1902025

94% of world average

Inflation (GDP deflator)

8.4%% per year

#179 of 2092025

118% of world average

Real interest rate

47.6%%

#1 of 1342025

1153% of world average

Lending interest rate

60.0%%

#1 of 1342025

531% of world average

Government revenue

12.2%% of GDP

#138 of 1492024

47% of world average

Government spending

11.0%% of GDP

#140 of 1492023

40% of world average

Government consumption

14.6%% of GDP

#110 of 1812025

83% of world average

Household consumption

72.8%% of GDP

#48 of 1812025

113% of world average

Investment (gross capital formation)

24.1%% of GDP

#82 of 1782025

104% of world average

Fixed investment

21.0%% of GDP

#106 of 1732025

94% of world average

Gross savings

17.5%% of GDP

#112 of 1682024

80% of world average

Foreign investment inflows

$606.2Mcurrent US$

#115 of 2012024

7% of world average

Foreign investment inflows

3.4%% of GDP

#67 of 1982024

no comparison

Foreign investment outflows

0.8%% of GDP

#66 of 1792024

35% of world average

Current account balance

-4.3%% of GDP

#132 of 1912024

no comparison

Foreign reserves

$2.78Bcurrent US$

#122 of 1772024

3% of world average

External debt

$6.65Bcurrent US$

#43 of 1212024

9% of world average

Income inequality (Gini)

370-100

#92 of 1472021

103% of world average

People below the poverty line

69.2%% of population

#140 of 1472021

541% of world average

Income share held by richest 10%

29.6%%

#99 of 1472021

106% of world average

Income share held by poorest 10%

2.9%%

#67 of 1472021

104% of world average

Money sent home by workers abroad

$406.3Mcurrent US$

#125 of 1862024

8% of world average

Foreign aid received

8.0%% of GNI

#29 of 1372023

133% of world average

Exchange rate

4,530local currency per US$

#10 of 2112025

312% of world average

Agriculture's share of the economy

21.7%% of GDP

#32 of 1992025

218% of world average

Industry's share of the economy

23.9%% of GDP

#100 of 2022025

98% of world average

Manufacturing's share of the economy

13.1%% of GDP

#63 of 1952024

119% of world average

Services' share of the economy

48.8%% of GDP

#152 of 2022025

84% of world average

2 of 39 figures unavailable for Madagascar.

— TRADE —

Exports

21.3%% of GDP

#145 of 1872025

49% of world average

Imports

32.9%% of GDP

#126 of 1872025

66% of world average

Trade balance

-11.6%% of GDP

#133 of 1872025

no comparison

Total trade (openness)

39.4%% of GDP

#147 of 2052025

61% of world average

Goods exported

$2.50Bcurrent US$

#138 of 2072025

2% of world average

Goods imported

$5.24Bcurrent US$

#138 of 2072025

4% of world average

Services exported

$1.53Bcurrent US$

#122 of 1912024

3% of world average

Services imported

$1.27Bcurrent US$

#140 of 1912024

3% of world average

Goods and services exported

$4.11Bcurrent US$

#139 of 1912024

2% of world average

▸ ISSUE 2 MORE

Goods and services imported

$5.43Bcurrent US$

#141 of 1912024

3% of world average

High-tech share of exports

1.0%% of manufactured exports

#154 of 1792024

8% of world average

1 of 12 figures unavailable for Madagascar.

— HEALTH —

Physicians

0.2 /1,000per 1,000 people

#165 of 1872022

8% of world average

Nurses and midwives

0.3 /1,000per 1,000 people

#192 of 1962022

6% of world average

Hospital beds

0.3 /1,000per 1,000 people

not enough data to rank2014

11% of world average

Access to clean drinking water

55.3%% of population

#206 of 2142024

61% of world average

Access to basic sanitation

15.4%% of population

#208 of 2132024

19% of world average

Suicide rate

6per 100,000 people

#78 of 1852021

71% of world average

Adults who smoke

25.6%% of adults

#122 of 1662024

130% of world average

HIV prevalence

0.5%% aged 15-49

#90 of 1532024

36% of world average

Tuberculosis cases

224per 100,000 people

#182 of 2082024

226% of world average

▸ ISSUE 2 MORE

Undernourishment

39.5%% of population

#165 of 1682023

392% of world average

Children vaccinated against measles

46.0%% of children 12-23 months

#187 of 1932024

54% of world average

8 of 19 figures unavailable for Madagascar.

— LEARNING —

Education spending

3.0%% of GDP

#145 of 1902023

70% of world average

Education spending

18.0%% of government spending

#33 of 1892019

133% of world average

Adult literacy

74.7%% aged 15+

#88 of 1192021

89% of world average

Youth literacy

82.4%% aged 15-24

#101 of 1262021

90% of world average

Primary school enrolment

132.7%% gross

#6 of 2002024

132% of world average

Secondary school enrolment

34.1%% gross

#181 of 1882021

39% of world average

University enrolment

6.1%% gross

#159 of 1672023

12% of world average

Primary school completion

60.7%% of relevant age group

#165 of 1802024

68% of world average

Pupils per teacher, primary school

40pupils per teacher

#143 of 1602018

179% of world average

▸ ISSUE 1 MORE

Years of compulsory education

5.0 yrsyears

#194 of 1972025

50% of world average

— WORK —

Unemployment

3.0%% of labour force

#42 of 1862025

44% of world average

Youth unemployment

5.2%% of labour force aged 15-24

#27 of 1862025

33% of world average

Labour force participation

85.5%% aged 15+

#2 of 1862025

141% of world average

Women in the labour force

82.9%% of women aged 15+

#1 of 1862025

163% of world average

Men in the labour force

88.1%% of men aged 15+

#5 of 1862025

126% of world average

Labour force

17.1Mpeople

#40 of 1862025

84% of world average

Working in agriculture

69.2%% of employment

#5 of 1862025

314% of world average

Working in industry

9.9%% of employment

#165 of 1862025

51% of world average

Working in services

20.9%% of employment

#181 of 1862025

36% of world average

▸ ISSUE 3 MORE

Self-employed

88.3%% of employment

#4 of 1862025

228% of world average

Labour force with advanced education

69.2%% of labour force

not enough data to rank2015

91% of world average

Employed

82.9%% aged 15+

#3 of 1862025

146% of world average

— CONNECTED —

People online

18.7%% of population

#195 of 2072024

26% of world average

Mobile phone subscriptions

75per 100 people

#171 of 2102023

65% of world average

Fixed broadband subscriptions

0per 100 people

#192 of 2082023

1% of world average

Fixed telephone lines

0per 100 people

#203 of 2132023

0% of world average

Access to electricity

42.5%% of population

#203 of 2142024

48% of world average

Access to clean cooking fuel

1.6%% of population

#180 of 1892023

2% of world average

Electricity used per person

80kWh per person

#144 of 1492023

2% of world average

Energy used per person

304kg oil equivalent per person

#142 of 1492023

13% of world average

Air passengers carried

313,313passengers

#126 of 1652023

1% of world average

▸ ISSUE 9 MORE

Air freight

2million tonne-km

#108 of 1632023

0% of world average

Rail network

673route-km

#74 of 842021

6% of world average

Rail passengers

10million passenger-km

not enough data to rank2007

0% of world average

Container port traffic

199,713TEU

#108 of 1672019

4% of world average

Research and development spending

0.0%% of GDP

#125 of 1272017

1% of world average

Patent applications by residents

6count

#113 of 1422021

0% of world average

Scientific journal articles published

153count

#133 of 1972023

1% of world average

Tourists arriving

87,100count

#167 of 1942020

2% of world average

Money earned from tourism

$202.0Mcurrent US$

#125 of 1752020

5% of world average

— NATURE —

Carbon emissions per person

0tonnes per person

#16 of 2032024

3% of world average

Carbon emissions

5Mt CO2

#65 of 2032024

3% of world average

Greenhouse gas emissions

36Mt CO2-equivalent

#104 of 2032024

14% of world average

Protected land

12.8%% of land area

#143 of 2132025

68% of world average

Protected coastal waters

1.4%% of territorial waters

#98 of 1742025

14% of world average

Freshwater withdrawn

4.0%% of internal resources

#64 of 1772022

3% of world average

Renewable water available per person

11,072m³ per person

#42 of 1832022

78% of world average

Renewable energy use

83.1%% of final energy consumption

#9 of 2122022

286% of world average

Electricity from renewables

34.1%% of total

#86 of 2062021

99% of world average

▸ ISSUE 3 MORE

Electricity from fossil fuels

65.5%% of total

#105 of 2092022

110% of world average

Electricity from nuclear power

0.0%% of total

#128 of 2082021

0% of world average

Energy imported (net)

13.7%% of energy use

#88 of 1432017

no comparison

— STATE —

Military spending

0.7%% of GDP

#136 of 1562024

32% of world average

Military spending

$121.6Mcurrent US$

#135 of 1602024

1% of world average

Military spending

4.2%% of government spending

#97 of 1532024

57% of world average

Armed forces personnel

22,000people

#101 of 1702020

14% of world average

Armed forces

0.2%% of labour force

#156 of 1682020

12% of world average

Tax revenue

10.9%% of GDP

#120 of 1492024

65% of world average

1 of 7 figures unavailable for Madagascar.

— TRADE PARTNERS —

Loading trade partner map…

— TRADE —

No trade data available for Madagascar.

— EXTRAS —

Anthem

Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô!Audio: Wikimedia Commons

Capital time

--:--:--Antananarivo · approx. UTC+3

Neighbours

Madagascar has no land borders

Landmarks

Rainforests of the AtsinananaImage: Wikimedia Commons

Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature ReserveImage: Wikimedia Commons

People

Andry RajoelinaPresident of Madagascar (2009–2014; 2019–2023; 2023–2025)

Marc RavalomananaPresident of Madagascar from 2002 to 2009

Hery Rajaonarimampianina5th President of Madagascar from 2014 to 2018

Philibert TsirananaFirst President of Madagascar (1959-1972)

Didier RatsirakaPresident of Madagascar (1936-2021)

Albert ZafyPresident of Madagascar (1927-2017)

Christian NtsayMalagasy politician

King AndrianampoinimerinaKing of Imerina

Gabriel RamanantsoaPresident of Madagascar (1906-1979)

Michael RandrianirinaMalagasy military officer and president of Madagascar since 2025

Jérémy MorelFrench and Malagasy footballer (born 1984)

Radama IIKing of Madagascar

History

1960Madagascar — founding / independence (Wikidata)

Size, side by side

Loading size comparison…

1960 → now

2026

Population32.7M2025

GDP$19.62B2025

GDP per person$5992025